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Exploring the Majestic Castles of North Wales: Conwy, Caernarfon, Beaumaris, and Harlech

North Wales is a region steeped in history, where the rugged landscape is dotted with some of the most impressive medieval castles in the world. These castles are not only architectural marvels but also symbols of the region's turbulent past. Among the most notable are Conwy, Caernarfon, Beaumaris, and Harlech Castles. Each of these fortresses tells a unique story of conquest, power, and resilience. In this blog, we’ll take a closer look at these four iconic castles, exploring their history, significance, and practical information such as parking and accessibility.

Conwy castle

Conwy Castle: A Symbol of Medieval Power

History and Significance

Conwy Castle, built between 1283 and 1289, is one of the best-preserved medieval fortifications in the world. Constructed under the orders of King Edward I during his campaign to subdue Wales, the castle was designed by the master military architect James of Saint George. It played a crucial role in Edward's "Iron Ring" of castles, designed to assert English dominance over the Welsh.

Visiting Today

Today, visitors can explore the castle’s towers and walk along the battlements, imagining the life of a medieval soldier standing guard over the kingdom. The castle also offers exhibitions that provide insight into the history of Conwy and its role in the broader context of Welsh and British history.


Conwy castle 2

Parking: Castell Conwy does not have a car park, however there is a charging council-run car parking with accessible spaces immediately adjacent to the castle entrance: Google maps view

There are several medium and large paid car parks throughout the town and on the outskirts. The town can also be accessed by train, with the station a few hundred meters away from the caste entrance.

The journey from the car park into the visitor centre is flat and evenly paved. The visitor centre has wide, automatic doors.

Accessibility: Castell Conwy’s visitor centre is spacious and features low admissions desks and automatic doors.

The journey from the visitor centre to the castle is via a steep path of approximately 50 meters and includes several steps at various locations

Castell Conwy has a suite of toilets on the lower level, accessed via a flight of stairs. There is also an accessible toilet on the ground floor and baby changing facilities. Baby changing faculties are available on lower level.

The grounds are laid to grass with flat, cobbled pathways leading to different areas within the castle. Access to the great hall area and east barbican are via short flights of stairs.

Castell Conwy has eight tall towers and a further four turrets, and, as a result, lots of stairs. The castle can be enjoyed at ground level, however much of the site is accessed via steep, narrow staircases, some of which are uneven, including the wall walks and some internal rooms including the chapel.

Castell Conwy — Ground Plan

Conwy Access Information

Caernarfon castle

Caernarfon Castle: The Crown Jewel of Edward I's Conquest

History and Significance

Caernarfon Castle is perhaps the most famous of all the castles in North Wales, known for its distinctive polygonal towers and the grandeur of its design. Built on the site of a Roman fort, Caernarfon Castle was intended not just as a military stronghold but as a royal palace and a symbol of Edward I's authority. It was here that Edward II, the first Prince of Wales, was born in 1284, establishing the tradition of the English heir apparent holding the title.

Visiting Today

Visitors to Caernarfon Castle can explore its extensive walls and towers, which offer panoramic views of the Menai Strait and the town of Caernarfon. The castle also houses the Royal Welch Fusiliers Museum, which provides a fascinating look at the history of one of the British Army’s oldest regiments.


Cearnarfon at night

Parking: The castle does not have a dedicated car park, however there are two public charging car parks nearby and others throughout the town. All car parks have accessible spaces: Google Maps View

Access into the castle is via the King's Gate. There is ramp access from the pavement through the gate into the admissions area. A new lift enables visitors with limited mobility to reach the top of the King's Gate.

If parking in the quayside car park there is a steep incline to reach the King's Gate entrance.

Accessibility: Entry is through the King's Gate.

A new lift enables visitors with limited mobility to reach the top of the King's Gate.

There are two sets of visitor toilets one of which can be accessed via a ramp and offer individual cubicles and changing areas.

The grounds consist of cropped grassy area and even pathways leading to different areas within the castle.

Castell Caernarfon has several tall towers and gateways, and, as a result, lots of steps. The castle can be enjoyed at ground level, however much of the site is accessed via steep, narrow spiral staircases, some of which are uneven, including the wall walks and some internal rooms. Throughout the castle there are also threshold steps at doorways and low door heights

Castell Caernarfon — Ground Plan

Caernarfon Access Information

Beaumaris Castle

Beaumaris Castle: The Unfinished Masterpiece

History and Significance

Beaumaris Castle, located on the Isle of Anglesey, is often considered the most technically perfect castle in Britain. Construction began in 1295, but the castle was never completed due to financial constraints and shifting priorities. Despite this, Beaumaris remains a stunning example of military architecture, designed by James of Saint George with concentric "walls within walls" to provide maximum defence.

Visiting Today

Today, Beaumaris Castle is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognized for its outstanding universal value. Visitors can wander through the castle's grounds, exploring the remains of the walls, towers, and the once-grand gatehouse. The castle’s location, overlooking the Menai Strait, adds to its picturesque appeal.


Beaumaris castle

Parking: There are two dedicated accessible parking spaces on the roadside adjacent to the monument: Google maps view

There are two medium/large charging car parks within a few minutes’ walk (approx. 200 meters) of the castle entrance, both with accessible parking spaces.

The walk from these car parks is flat and even.

Accessibility: The visitor centre has automatic doors from the pavement and into the monument, with a short ramp on exit and is equipped with a low-profile admission desk.

The visitor centre is situated alongside the castle with a flat even walk to the outer ward, over a wide wooden bridge.

There are no toilets onsite, however there are free public toilets 50 meters flat and even walk from the castle visitor centre. The public toilets have baby changing and accessible facilities.

Dogs must be kept on leads at all times and non-assistance dogs must remain on the ground floor only.

Much of the castle can be seen from ground level, however all areas have a grass covering apart from the access from the outer ward to the inner ward, which is gravel. The grass is kept short throughout the year.

Access to the corridors within the castle is via various short, narrow staircases of around 10-15 steps, and there are some internal steps once you are inside. Whilst the towers at Beaumaris Castle are shorter than at other sites, there is still a considerable number of steps should you wish to experience the wall walks. The floor surfaces throughout the corridors and walk walks is uneven.

Handrails are present throughout the sites to aid navigation. Doorways within the corridors are often narrow.

Beaumaris Castle — Ground Plan

Beaumaris Castle Access Information

Harlech castle web

Harlech Castle: The Impenetrable Fortress

History and Significance

Harlech Castle, perched dramatically on a rocky outcrop overlooking the Irish Sea, is another of Edward I’s “Iron Ring” castles. Built between 1282 and 1289, Harlech was designed to be virtually impregnable. The castle played a significant role during the Wars of the Roses and later in the English Civil War, earning its place in Welsh and British history as a symbol of resilience.

Visiting Today

Harlech Castle is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and visitors can explore its well-preserved interior, including the gatehouse, the great hall, and the chapel. The castle’s location offers breath-taking views of the surrounding countryside and coastline, making it a favourite spot for photographers and history enthusiasts alike.


Harlech castle

Parking: Harlech Castle does not have a car park, however there is a small charging car parking with accessible spaces immediately adjacent to the castle entrance: Google Maps View

There are several medium and large charging car parks throughout the town. The castle is in the upper part of the town, and parking in the lower part of town will involve a very steep walk up to the castle (the road was in fact once in the Guinness World Record steepest street in the world).

The town can also be accessed by train, with the station in the lower part of the town. Bike storage available.

The journey from the adjacent car park into the visitor centre is flat and evenly paved.

Accessibility: The visitor centre has wide, automatic doors, low admissions desks, and an accessible exhibition space and café.

The visitor centre opens onto a modern bridge of around 25 meters that leads directly to the castle. The bridge has a gentle upwards slope.

The visitor centre toilets are equipped with modern accessible cubicles and baby changing facilities.

Dogs must be kept on leads at all times and non-assistance dogs must stay on the ground floor only.

The castle can be enjoyed from ground level, however the site has multiple towers and wall walks that are accessed via steep, narrow, uneven stairs.

Harlech Castle — Ground Plan

Harlec Castle Access Information

The castles of Conwy, Caernarfon, Beaumaris, and Harlech are more than just remnants of the past; they are living monuments to the history of Wales and the power struggles that shaped the nation. Visiting these castles offers a unique opportunity to step back in time and experience the grandeur and strategic brilliance of medieval military architecture. With practical amenities like parking and considerations for accessibility, these sites are well-equipped to provide a memorable experience for all visitors. Whether you’re a history buff, an architecture enthusiast, or simply a traveller looking for stunning views, the castles of North Wales are sure to leave a lasting impression.

Exploring the Majestic Castles of North Wales: Conwy, Caernarfon, Beaumaris, and Harlech

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